Friday, 2 September 2011

what is breast cancer ?

The term “breast cancer” refers to a malignant tumor that has developed from cells in the breast Usually breast cancer either begins in the cells of the lobules, which are the milk-producing glands, or the ducts, the passages that drain milk from the lobules to the nipple or in the stromal tissues.It is said to be always caused by a genetic abnormality . 
There are four main stages in the development of breast cancer . The major steps are indicated below :



    STAGE 1
Cancer cells remain inside the breast duct, without invasion into normal adjacent breast tissue.
   STAGE 2
Cancer  is confined to the breast .

STAGE 3
No tumor can be found in the breast, but cancer cells are found in the axillary lymph nodes (the lymph nodes under the arm) 
OR 
the tumor measures 2 centimeters or smaller and has spread to the axillary lymph nodes 
OR 
the tumor is larger than 2 but no larger than 5 centimeters and has not spread to the axillary lymph nodes.

STAGE 4
The tumor is larger than 2 but no larger than 5 centimeters and has spread to the axillary lymph nodes 

STAGE 5
Cancer is found in axillary lymph nodes that are sticking together or to other structures, or cancer may be found in lymph nodes near the breastbone.

STAGE 6
The tumor may be any size and has spread to the chest wall and/or skin of the breast 

STAGE 7
There may either be no sign of cancer in the breast or a tumor may be any size and may have spread to the chest wall and/or the skin of the breast 
AND 
the cancer has spread to lymph nodes either above or below the collarbone 

STAGE 8
The cancer has spread — or metastasized — to other parts of the body.

What is Cancer ?


Cancer is a term used for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and are able to invade other tissues. Cancer happens when cells that are not normal grow and spread very fast. Normal body cells grow and divide and know to stop growing. Over time, they also die. Unlike these normal cells, cancer cells just continue to grow and divide out of control .Cancer cells can spread to other parts of the body 
through the blood and  lymph systems.
Cancer is many disease and not just one disease. There are more than 100 different types of cancer known in the world of medicine. Most cancers are named for the organ or type of cell in which they start - for example, cancer that begins in the colon is called colon cancer, those that attack the skin are called skin cancer just like that.
Cancer types can be grouped into more diverse  categories. They include:
  • Carcinoma - cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs.
  • Sarcoma - cancer which begins in the bones, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue.
  • Leukemia - cancer that develops  in the blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the blood.
  • Lymphoma and myeloma - cancers that begin in the cells of the immune system .
  • Central nervous system cancers - cancers that attack  the tissues of the brain and spinal cord.

How does cancer Begin ?

All cancers begin in cells, the body's basic unit of life. To get a clearer picture of this , you would have to understand how normal cells develop into cancer cells and  begin to attack the body.The body is made up of many types of cells. These cells grow and divide in a controlled way to produce more cells as they are needed to keep the body healthy. When cells become old or damaged, they die and are replaced with new cells.
Sometimes , however , this orderly process of cell division becomes affected and 'goes against its own rules'. The DNA of these cells become affected and the cells do not die when they are supposed to . This results in the formation of Tumors which are also seen as a mutation or  an abnormal case of cell reproduction.
 Once this occurs , we say there is a cancerous growth in the patient.

What is Mesothelioma (1)?


Asbestos is a deadly mineral that has been used in thousands of products. When microscopic asbestos fibers are inhaled or ingested, they can cause a number of diseases, including mesothelioma and lung cancer. mesothelioma is the most aggressive disease diagnosed and proven to be caused by asbestos,it attacks the internal lining of the lungs and abdomen. Mesothelioma typically does not develop until decades after the asbestos exposure occurred.This is what makes it quite a difficult challenge to  handle

These are some of the work sites that have been linked to asbestos exposure :
Henderson
Titanium Chemical Company
Stauffer Chemical Plant
Las Vegas
Nevada Power Company
Clark County Power House
Southern Nevada Public Service
Caesar's Palace
Sahara Hotel
MGM Hotel & Casino
University Of Nevada
International Hotel & Casino

Stations
Sunrise Power Plant
ValmyBlue Diamond
Blue Diamond Sheet Rock Plant
Henderson 
Stauffer Chemical Plant
Titanium Chemical Company
Indian Springs
Indian Springs Air Force Base

Las Vegas 
Caesar's Palace
Clark County Power House
International Hotel & Casino
Las Vegas Van and Transfer Siding
MGM Hotel & Casino
Nellis Air Force Base
Nevada Power Company
North Las Vegas Shopping Center
Sahara Hotel
Southern Nevada Public Service
University Of Nevada
Laughlin
Laughlin Air Force Base
Lofton
Power Plant
Moapa
Moapa Reed Garden Station
Reno
Bell Telephone Building
Convention Center
Procter Hug High School
Reno Feed and Seed Spur
Sierra Pacific Power Co.
State Printing Office
Wells Fargo Dock
Stations 
Sunrise Power Plant
Valmy 
Valmy Powerhouse
Wabusha
Sierra Pacific Power Co.
Yerington
Sierra Pacific Power Co
Valmy Powerhouse